Germination characteristics of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile in response to seed shapes in the Sahelian zone of Nigeria

Abstract

Seed shape is one of the important functional traits responsible for rapid and synchronised germination. However, it is often neglected during seed collection, particularly in tree species. Therefore this study was conducted to assess the effect of seed shape(s) on the germination indices of Balanites aegyptiaca. 4 treatments (seed shapes) were used namely: elongate, oblong, oval, and spherical shape. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated 5 times.  Germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), and germination speed (GS) were assessed. All the variables assessed were found to be significantly influenced by seed shape. The highest GP (60.94±33.47) and GS (0.80±0.46) were recorded by seeds with an oblong shape, while seeds with an oval shape took a shorter time to complete the germination process (11.27±6.73 days). Oblong-shaped seeds of B. aegyptiaca performed better in the majority of the indices assessed, therefore it is recommended for collection when raising seedlings.