Genetic diversity and phylogenetic structure of Balami and West African Dwarf sheep populations of Nigeria using mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46325/gabj.v7i1.308Keywords:
Breeds, conservation, genetic diversity, geographic distribution, sheepAbstract
Information on geographic distribution of livestock species is an important tool for their utilization, genetic improvement and conservation. It is therefore necessary to explore the genetic relationships between livestock breeds and their diversities. This study assessed genetic diversity and phylogenetic structure of two Nigerian indigenous sheep populations that are distinctly different in geographical distribution and phenotypic attributes. Sixty hair samples were collected from Balami and West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep. Twenty- three haplotypes were observed with no haplotype shared between Balami and WAD sheep which is an indication of clear separation between the two populations. Haplotype diversity was higher in Balami than in WAD but the nucleotide diversity was higher in WAD than in Balami. Number of polymorphic sites varied between the populations with WAD having higher polymorphic sites (48) than Balami (46). Analysis of the mitochondrial lineage showed that these breeds originated from a common source but with divergence between the two sheep populations considering their particular traits. In conclusion, overall haplotype and nucleotide diversities for these sheep populations were high, most of the variations were found within the population than between populations. These sheep breeds were genetically different as a result of their geographical distributions. The study contributes to the knowledge of the existing genetic status of Nigerian indigenous sheep populations and the wide genetic variation between these two breeds could be exploited in genetic improvement programmes
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