Date palm “deglet nour” (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit extracts: Functional components, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities and gastroprotective effect
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46325/jnpra.v2i1.36Keywords:
Phoenix dactylifera, functional compound, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, gastroprotective effectAbstract
Deglet nour, is the most consumed variety of date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Middle East and North African countries and promote the socio-economic development of growing areas. The fruit contain a high percentage of dietary fibers, salts, vitamins and minerals and the dates are widely used in the traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. In order to better discover this natural product, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical properties of phenolic rich extract (PRE) and Water-soluble crude polysaccharide extract (WCP) by determining the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and the gastroprotective effect of these extracts against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in rats. The PRE is majority composed by phenolic acids (gallic, ascorbic, ferulic, p-coumaric, caffeic, ellagic, chlorogenic and syringic acids). Chemical analysis of WCP revealed that the extract was composed of 75% carbohydrate. The extracted polysaccharides are principally composed by glucose (49.01 % mol) and fructose (47.21%). Both extracts exhibited high total antioxidant capacity (267 mg GAE/g DR). Polysaccharides are distinguished by a better anti-radical scavenging activity (IC50%=0.5mg/mL) and iron reducing power (EC50%=0.98 mg/mL). The anti-inflammatory activity on macrophages RAW 267.4 showed that Deglet nour extracts decreased the nitric oxide (NO) production at average of 40% at 200µg/mL. Concerning gastroprotective activity, we found that WCP and PRE at lesser degree protected against alcohol-induced volume gastric juice and acidity decrease. More importantly, we showed that Deglet nour extracts and particularly WCP counteracted EtOH-induced gastric lipoperoxidation and prevented the depletion of antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). All these results can justify the utility of Phoenix dactylifera L. as interesting food species with bioactive natural substances that may be used in several fields, such as nutraceuticals and agro-food industry.
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