Identification of selection signatures in Algero-Tunisian sheep breeds using medium-density SNP chips
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46325/gabj.v8i1.390Keywords:
North African sheep, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, Selection signature, Extended haplotype homozygosity, genetic structure, Ovine SNP50KAbstract
North Africa has a wide range of great diversity of indigenous sheep breeds whose origin is linked to its environmental characteristics but also to certain historical events that took place in the region. Knowledge of population structure and identification of genomic regions that have been targets of selection are key steps for genetic resource conservation and breeding strategies designing. This work explores the population structure of two Tunisian and four Algerian sheep breeds and identifies genomic regions under selection in four of them. Leveraging high-throughput genomic data from Illumina Ovine SNP50K array from 59 animals belonging to the six breeds, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to unravel their population structure. Our results indicate a clear genomic admixture between the fat-tailed Tunisian and Algerian Barbarine with thin-tailed breeds raised in each of the two countries. Additionally, through the detection of genomic regions under selection and candidate gene identification, we provide insights into some putative genetic mechanisms that would have contributed to the adaptation and evolution of these breeds in response to local environmental pressures. We also highlight several genes related to economical traits. This study provides valuable information for the conservation and sustainable management of the studied Tunisian and Algerian sheep breeds and offers opportunities for future breeding and genomic improvement programs.
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